Sicily, the largest island in the Mediterranean, is a land of contrasts, where ancient history, vibrant culture, and stunning landscapes come together. Each major city in Sicily offers its own unique blend of attractions, from historical sites to culinary delights. Here’s a guide to the major cities of Sicily and what to do in each.
Palermo
As the capital of Sicily, Palermo is a bustling city that boasts a rich history, vibrant markets, and a lively street culture. It’s a melting pot of different cultures, reflecting the island’s diverse past.
- Visit the Palermo Cathedral: This stunning cathedral is a mix of architectural styles, including Norman, Gothic, and Baroque. Don’t miss the chance to climb to the rooftop for panoramic views of the city.
- Explore the Palazzo dei Normanni: Also known as the Norman Palace, this historic building is home to the Palatine Chapel, famous for its stunning mosaics that depict biblical scenes.
- Stroll through the Ballarò Market: Palermo’s markets are a feast for the senses. Ballarò is one of the oldest and most vibrant, offering everything from fresh produce to street food. Be sure to try local delicacies like arancini (stuffed rice balls) and cannoli.
- Visit the Teatro Massimo: This is the largest opera house in Italy and one of the most famous in Europe. Even if you’re not attending a performance, the guided tours of the theater are fascinating.
Catania
Catania, located on the eastern coast of Sicily, is known for its black lava stone architecture, which comes from nearby Mount Etna, one of the most active volcanoes in the world.
- Explore Piazza del Duomo: The heart of Catania, this square is home to the Catania Cathedral and the famous Fontana dell’Elefante, a statue made from lava stone that has become the symbol of the city.
- Visit the Catania Cathedral: Dedicated to Saint Agatha, the city’s patron saint, the cathedral is a beautiful example of Sicilian Baroque architecture. The relics of Saint Agatha are housed here, and the feast day celebrations in February are spectacular.
- Take a Day Trip to Mount Etna: No visit to Catania is complete without exploring Mount Etna. You can take guided tours to the summit, explore the lava fields, and visit the nearby towns of Zafferana Etnea and Nicolosi, which are known for their Etna-produced honey and wines.
- Stroll along Via Etnea: This is Catania’s main shopping street, lined with elegant buildings, shops, and cafes. It’s a great place for people-watching and enjoying a granita (a traditional Sicilian frozen dessert).
Syracuse
Syracuse, on the southeastern coast, is a city steeped in ancient history. Once a powerful Greek city-state, it is now a UNESCO World Heritage site, known for its archaeological treasures.
- Explore the Archaeological Park of Neapolis: This park is home to some of Syracuse’s most famous ancient sites, including the Greek Theatre, where classical plays are still performed today, and the Ear of Dionysius, a limestone cave with remarkable acoustics.
- Visit the Island of Ortygia: The historical center of Syracuse, Ortygia is a small island connected to the mainland by bridges. Here, you’ll find the stunning Cathedral of Syracuse, built on the site of an ancient Greek temple, and the beautiful Fountain of Arethusa.
- See the Temple of Apollo: Located at the entrance to Ortygia, this is one of the oldest Doric temples in Sicily. It’s a fascinating glimpse into the ancient Greek history of the city.
- Walk through the Piazza del Duomo: This elegant square is surrounded by beautiful baroque buildings, including the Cathedral of Syracuse. It’s a great place to sit at a café and soak in the atmosphere of the city.
Taormina
Perched on a hill overlooking the Ionian Sea, Taormina is one of Sicily’s most famous and picturesque towns. It’s known for its stunning views, charming streets, and ancient Greek theatre.
- Visit the Ancient Theatre of Taormina: This ancient Greek theatre is one of the most well-preserved in the world and offers breathtaking views of Mount Etna and the sea. It’s still used today for concerts and performances, especially during the Taormina Film Festival.
- Stroll along Corso Umberto: The main pedestrian street in Taormina, Corso Umberto is lined with shops, cafes, and restaurants. It’s the perfect place to wander, shop for souvenirs, and enjoy a gelato.
- Relax at Isola Bella: This small island is connected to the mainland by a narrow strip of sand and is one of the most beautiful beaches in Sicily. The clear waters are perfect for swimming and snorkeling.
- Visit the Villa Comunale: Also known as the Giardini di Taormina, this public garden offers stunning views of the coast and Mount Etna. It’s a peaceful place to relax and enjoy the lush greenery.
Messina
Located on the northeastern tip of Sicily, Messina is the gateway to the island for many visitors arriving by ferry from mainland Italy. The city is known for its maritime history and impressive cathedral.
- See the Cathedral of Messina: The Cathedral of Messina, with its impressive bell tower, is one of the city’s most famous landmarks. The bell tower features one of the largest astronomical clocks in the world, with a fascinating show that takes place at noon every day.
- Visit the Regional Museum of Messina: This museum houses a collection of art and artifacts that reflect the city’s rich history. Highlights include works by Caravaggio and Antonello da Messina, one of Sicily’s most famous painters.
- Stroll along the Messina Strait: The narrow strait that separates Sicily from the Italian mainland offers stunning views, especially at sunset. You can also see the iconic “Pylons of Messina,” the massive electricity pylons that were once used to carry power cables across the strait.
- Explore the Church of the Santissima Annunziata dei Catalani: This church is a beautiful example of Norman-Arab architecture, with a unique blend of Byzantine, Islamic, and Romanesque elements.
Agrigento
Agrigento, located on the southern coast of Sicily, is home to one of the most important archaeological sites in the world, the Valley of the Temples.
- Explore the Valley of the Temples: This UNESCO World Heritage site features some of the best-preserved ancient Greek temples outside of Greece. Highlights include the Temple of Concordia, the Temple of Juno, and the Temple of Heracles.
- Visit the Archaeological Museum: Located near the Valley of the Temples, this museum houses a vast collection of artifacts from the ancient city of Akragas, including pottery, statues, and coins.
- Walk through the historic center: Agrigento’s old town is full of narrow, winding streets and historic buildings, including the 11th-century Cathedral of San Gerlando. It’s a charming area to explore on foot.
- Discover the Scala dei Turchi: A short drive from Agrigento, this stunning white limestone cliff rises dramatically from the sea. The natural formation is a popular spot for sunbathing and swimming, and the views from the top are breathtaking.
Trapani
Located on the western coast of Sicily, Trapani is known for its historic old town, salt flats, and proximity to the beautiful Egadi Islands.
- Visit the Salt Pans of Trapani: The salt flats, or “saline,” of Trapani are a fascinating sight. You can visit the Museo del Sale (Salt Museum) to learn about the traditional methods of salt production and enjoy the beautiful scenery, especially at sunset.
- Explore the historic center: Trapani’s old town is full of Baroque churches, palaces, and charming squares. Don’t miss the Chiesa del Purgatorio, which houses the famous Misteri di Trapani, a series of wooden sculptures used in the city’s Good Friday procession.
- Take a ferry to the Egadi Islands: The Egadi Islands, just off the coast of Trapani, are a perfect destination for a day trip. Favignana, the largest of the islands, is known for its beautiful beaches and crystal-clear waters, as well as its historic tuna fisheries.
- Visit Erice: Just a short drive from Trapani, the medieval hilltop town of Erice offers stunning views of the surrounding countryside and coastline. Explore the cobblestone streets, visit the Castle of Venus, and enjoy the town’s famous almond pastries.
Sicily’s major cities each offer something unique, from ancient Greek temples to Baroque architecture, vibrant markets, and stunning coastal views. Whether you’re exploring the bustling streets of Palermo, hiking near Mount Etna in Catania, or relaxing on the beaches of Taormina, Sicily is a destination that promises rich cultural experiences and unforgettable memories.
